ABSTRACT
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, several hospitals around the world reported the transmission of the disease in inpatient units not directed to the care of patients affected by the disease. The objective was to report the epidemiological investigation of two outbreaks of COVID-19 in an onset of a university hospital in the general fields. It took place between July and October/2021, the data were analyzed with the SIR model (susceptible-infected-recovered) to obtain the transmission rate (R). In the first outbreak (July-August), 49 people were investigated, 25/49 (51.0%) cases, 10/25 (40.0%) staff, 15/25 (60.0%) patients, 8/25 (33.3%) medical clinic, 16/25 (66.7%) surgical clinic and 21/25 (84.0%) symptomatic. Among the cases in patients, 11/15 (73.3%) had onset of symptoms after 7 days of hospitalization. The 5W2H matrix was used as an action plan. After the execution of the actions, there were active cases for 7-10 days. The duration was 35 days, the most critical moment occurred 17 days after the first patient presented symptoms, there were 15 patients active at the same time and the R was 2.92. In the second outbreak (SeptemberOctober), 127 people were investigated and there were 6/127, of these 2/6 (33.3%) staff, 4/6 (66.6%) patients, 4/6 (66.6%) medical clinic, 2/6 (33.3%) surgical clinic, 4/6 (66.6%) symptomatic. After the execution of the actions, there were active cases for 7-10 days and there were no new cases. The duration was 18 days, the most critical moment occurred after 7 days of the first patient presenting symptoms, there were 6 people active at the same time and the R was 1.35. The first experience was effective, however late in controlling the cases. The second experiment, using data from the first, was timely, the investigation was more robust and contained the outbreak quickly and efficiently.
ABSTRACT
Bromeliad phytotelmata: the first scientometric study Bromeliads are plants predominantly found in the Neotropical Region, with high diversity of species and wide distribution. Some representatives of this family have the ability to form phytotelma environments through the accumulation of water and organic matter, serving as substrate and food for a variety of organisms. Here, a scientometric analysis was carried out to show trends in scientific work on bromeliad phytotelmata and the importance of these microcosms for the maintenance of biodiversity. The papers were analyzed using the Thomson Reuters, Scopus and Scielo databases between the years 1970 and 2021. Information was sought on the years of publications, geographic regions, countries, article design (descriptive, predictive, experimental, review), focus (ecological, biological, molecular), and ecological level of study (organism, population, community and ecosystem). South America presented the highest number of works developed with the subject and also with researchers involved. Most studies presented predictive designs focusing on community ecology. Insecta, followed by Crustacea and Anura, were the most studied groups of organisms. The results contribute to a better understanding of biodiversity in bromeliad phytotelmata, pointing out gaps and trends in research directed at these natural microcosms.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many sectors of society, including sports. Measuring the effects of an ongoing pandemic poses a complex task, given the incipiency of government actions and studies addressing the impacts on sports. In view of this, the purpose of this commentary is to explore how COVID-19 impacted school sports policies. To this end, we analyze how the government of the State of Paraná, Brazil, has responded to the effects of the pandemic in school sports policies, as well as identifying which solutions have been outlined. Although professional sports managed to implement complex and rigorous safety protocols, these are economically unviable in school and non-profit multi-sport competitions. We found that school sports competitions have been widely affected and unable to resume due to inconsistencies and difficulties in the implementation of safety protocols appropriate to this new scenario. Another finding was the development of immediate remote alternatives (E-sports competitions), which may impact school sports and affect the reconfiguration of the sports system. In conclusion, this commentary highlighted the impacts of the pandemic on school sports as well as the actions outlined to tackle them, in particular E-sports initiatives by the government of Paraná.
ABSTRACT
The first cases of COVID-19 in Londrina-PR were manifested in March 2020 and the disease lasts until the present moment. We aim to inform citizens in a scientific way about how the disease spreads. The present work seeks to describe the behavior of the disease over time. We started from a compartmental model of ordinary differential equations like SEIR to find relevant information such as: transmission rates and prediction of the peak of infected people. We used the data released by city hall of Londrina to carry out simulations in periods of 14 days, applying a parameter optimization technique to obtain results with thegreatest possible credibility.
ABSTRACT
The pandemic situation of COVID-19 has provided strong impacts that can be observed everywhere, especially in underdeveloped countries. The purpose of this paper is to describe the evolution of COVID-19 pandemic in the city of Londrina (second biggest city of State of Parana - Brazil) between March 9 and August 10 of 2020. For that, spatio-temporal descriptive and statistical analysis were performed to identify its evolution in the city. The first cases of COVID-19 in Londrina were registered in March (considering the symptoms onset day) and were located in central and southern regions of the city, both with high vertical residential density and higher average incomes. Soon, COVID-19 exponentially increased in a short period of time with a reproduction number, R0 =1.45. However, some measures adopted by the city Hall and Parana State Government slowed down the evolution of cases in Londrina, like the suspension of non-essential activities and classes in the very beginning of the pandemic, and also the expansion of intensive therapy units (ITU) in existing hospitals, which avoided a collapse in the healthy system of the city. Such findings can be helpful to avoid a second wave of COVID-19 cases, and ways to deal with future pandemics.
ABSTRACT
This special issue includes 5 articles that discuss evolution of COVID-19 in Londrina (State of Parana - Brazil);low-cost device for active saliva droplet filtration and pathogen inactivation;multiscale Ibovespa behavior under to the COVID-19 pandemic;vaccination strategies for the COVID-19 epidemic in Minas Gerais (Brazil);and the real COVID-19 pandemic dynamics in Qatar in 2021 - simulations, predictions and verifications of the SIR model.
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus Covid-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented global crisis. From the economic scenario until the Indigenous people’s lifestyle, including the typically capitalist society, has been significantly reshaped. As invisible characters in History, the Indigenous people of Paraná have been socially isolated and may be under non-measurable inequalities, misleading statistics, and limited support by the health institutions. This study aimed to analyze the vulnerabilities and resilience responses of the Indigenous people of Paraná to the Covid-19 pandemic and discuss the underreporting and inconsistency of data on confirmed cases and deaths by Covid-19 based on state and national health institutions. This research consists of descriptive and qualiquantitative analysis conducted online that lasted ten months in which: (i) data from two governmental health institutions responsible for monitoring Covid-19 among the Indigenous people of Paraná and two Indigenous were collected and compared;and (ii) perceptions from the Indigenous people of Paraná through interviews and responses to the considered problem at indigenous organizations. As non-conclusive results, it is mentioned: (a) the confirmed cases and deaths by Covid-19 among Indigenous people of Paraná were discrepant according to the considered health institutions;(b) the Indigenous people of Paraná have probably got limited access to health services, including the lack of Covid-19 testing that may be influencing on the underreporting data, and (c) the transparency of methods of data collection and publishing has been inadequate among the studied health institutions. © 2022 Universidade Federal do Parana. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Sectors strategic to the post Covid-19 economic recovery Parana are identified here by using an input-output matrix and economic indicators calculated from 2018 Parana-Rest of Brazil interregional system data. Intersectoral linkages indices portray food industry, civil construction, commerce and land transport as driving sectors of the state economy. Results concerning production, employment and income are higher for the textile and clothing, commerce, accommodation and food, education, health, and software development sectors, the latter being an important sector for the emergence of micro and small business. Incentive actions directed to strategic sectors in the economic recovery involve professional qualification, microcredit, business incubators, and extension activities focusing the dissemination of new communication and sales technologies.
ABSTRACT
Five dimensions allow to understand sustainable development from a multidisciplinary perspective: the geographic, the economic, the ecological, the social and the cultural ones. Different attitudes can be adopted by the gastronomic sector which contribute to a sustainability-focused management. In view of this, the aim of the present article is to discuss the perception of sustainability from the gastronomy industry perspective. For this, in addition to a literature review a quali-quantitative approach was taken through the compilation of a questionnaire which was electronically sent to establishments that form the Campos Gerais gastronomic network in Parana. The current pandemic scenario was taken into account in order to identify attitudes that allowed the establishments to remain operational in the face of the restrictions imposed by Covid-19. Twenty-two of twenty-five associated establishments responded to the survey, most of them showing to have adopted sustainable management actions and, especially regarding the pandemic scenario, adaptations that allowed them to remain in business.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world's scenarios as well as the routines and ways of living. Health professionals are part of the population acting in the front line, and in turn, they have become a risk group, which causes feelings such as stress and anxiety, with some may even showing signs of depression. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to characterize the presence of signs of anxiety, stress and depression and relate them to social skills in 70 health professionals in a city in Parana. For the evaluation of such variables, the HAD Instrument Scale was used to evaluate signs/symptoms of anxiety and depression, with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) also being used to evaluate the stress variable, in addition to an adapted open questionnaire (CABALLO, 2003) for social skills. From the results obtained, it could be observed that the majority of the participants presents signs of depression (79.7%), as well as signs of anxiety (78.6%). Furthermore, they also present high levels of stress when compared to the Brazilian normative sample. Thus, it can be understood that health professionals are predisposed to presenting high results, since they are exposed to a stressful and high-risk context and are also in need of caring strategies. Furthermore, it is important to further expand studies in the area, given that the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is something new and therefore, requires new forms of confrontation.
ABSTRACT
This article is a qualitative research that addresses the conjuncture of public education in Parana during the Pandemic of the New Coronavirus (COVID-19). It is justified the impacts of the exceptional phenomenon that was presented to school managers, educators and basic education students in the period from 2020 to 2021 in Parana. As a methodology. it uses bibliographic research and aims to discuss about the challenges and dilemmas in the pedagogical work of teachers. It is considered that it was not possible to avoid the negative impacts on the teaching and learning process, and that among the adversities that drove in pedagogical work are the economic factor and technological limitation of students and educators.
ABSTRACT
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread worldwide as a severe pandemic, and a significant portion of the infected population may remain asymptomatic. Given this, five surveys were carried out between May and September 2020 with a total of 3585 volunteers in the municipality of Foz do Igua..u, State of Paran.., a triple border region between Brazil/Argentina/Paraguay. Five months after the first infection, volunteers were re-analysed for the production of IgG anti-Spike and anti-RBD-Spike, in addition to analyses of cellular immunity. Seroconversion rates ranged from 4.4% to a peak of 37.21% followed by a reduction in seroconversion to 21.1% in September, indicating that 25% of the population lost their circulating anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies 3 months after infection. Analyses after 5 months of infection showed that only 17.2% of people still had anti-RBD-Spike antibodies, however, most volunteers had some degree of cellular immune response. The strategy of letting people become naturally infected with SARS-CoV-2 to achieve herd immunity is flawed, and the first contact with the virus may not generate enough immunogenic stimulus to prevent a possible second infection.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: the present article aims to analyze the social rights and employability of international immigrants in the State of Paraná in the pandemic conjuncture with the objective of delimiting the main contours of international migration in the State of Paraná from the perspective of social rights and employability in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: The methodology used is deductive dialogic, starting from general concepts such as the migratory process to specific premises such as the social rights of immigrants in the State of Paraná and the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic, privileging the dialogue of sources. To this end, it makes use of bibliographic research for the construction and development of the research. Results: the present research has shown that the immigrant population, especially that of the State of Paraná, the object of the present research, which already suffers numerous prejudices due to the migratory flow, has faced a state of hypervulnerability in this state of Covid-19 pandemic, especially, regarding the economic and social aspect and the absence of public policies to address this situation further aggravates the realization of social rights and employability of these people. Contributions: The main contribution of this paper is to present an overview of the migration flow in Brazil from this scenario to dialogue about the negative impacts of Covid-19 regarding the effectiveness of social rights, especially regarding the employability of these foreign citizens in the state of Paraná. © 2021, Centro Universitario Curitiba - UNICURITIBA. All rights reserved.